Comparative Analysis Of Atherogenic Index Of Plasma And Its Relationship With Cardiovascular Risk Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Concurrent Diabetes Mellitus With Hypertension Attending Endocrinology Clinic In A Tertiary Hospital South- South Nigeria

Insulin resistance, found in type 2 diabetes mellitus is often associated with increased triglyceride (TG) and decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), defined as logarithm [log] of (TG/HDL-C), has recently been proposed as a predictive marker for plasma atherogenicity and is positively correlated with cardiovascular disease risk. To determine the relationship between AIP and cardiovascular risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concurrent diabetes mellitus with hypertension. This was a prospective study of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending the endocrinology clinic in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital (UCTH), Calabar over 4 month period from January to May 2015. Data was analysed using SPSS version 18. Female preponderance of 93 (71.5%) with males 37 (28.5%). The mean age was significantly higher in concurrent DM and HTN group than DM group alone (57.92 ± 9.21 versus 5338 ± 9.68, p < 0.05). Also, weight, BMI, and WHR were significantly higher in concurrent DM and HTN group, the level of dyslipidaemia was more in the same group, while AIP risk is higher in same group than in DM group alone (56.25% versus 43.75%). BMI and TG are positively correlated with AIP, while HDL is negatively correlated (p < 0.05). In conclusion, patients with concurrent DM and HTN have more dyslipidaemia and higher AIP risk which portend a higher cardiovascular disease risk.